1 June 15, 2017
Articles and Statements
1. V.I. Glazko
Chronicle of Scientific Murder. Case of A.V. Chayanov Message 1. The Way to Return is Absent
Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 4-24.
Number of views: 1552 Download in PDF
2. Galina MikhalevaZhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 4-24.
Abstract:
Alexander Vasilievich Chayanov is the outstanding Russian scientist – agricultural economist. He was a graduate student and later the professor of Moscow agricultural Institute. His name, among the world civilized scientific community, has become a legend known throughout the world, particularly to specialists in agriculture. He was the author of numerous works on the theory of collective labor, cooperation, the brilliant teacher and educator of youth, the author of popular science work, archaeologist, art historian – in a word, as we speak today, in this man were combined very much the scientific and cultural components. Tracking the fate of graduates of Moscow agrarian institute it can be concluded that indeed a brilliant scientist can be if they were getting a proper good education. Experts who develop Chayanov’s concept, historians of science talk much about his life and tragic death. A.V. Chayanov – the classic agrarian-economic scientist, his theory of the peasant economy and peculiarities of economic behavior of farms at now exist in every textbook on agrarian economy of many universities in the world. And it included even the high important special separate part in the work, which explains the motivation of enterprises in which the owner is also an employee, in General textbooks on Economics. Chayanov’s concepts were involved in the contradiction to that what joined many with the collective behavior and attitude of the community, which was inoculated and dominated in the USSR in relation to politics of Stalin and his followers. All this became part of the personal biography of many of us, but not affected, despite the hard circumstances, on the mentality of A.V. Chayanov and many others. Currently, the work of Chayanov is of paramount importance for modern Russia. The role of science in society is now growing rapidly, and in the new Russian society too, but until yet society is not awaken by the fact that the pace of science development is an indicator of mental and physical health of the nation and the state.
Alexander Vasilievich Chayanov is the outstanding Russian scientist – agricultural economist. He was a graduate student and later the professor of Moscow agricultural Institute. His name, among the world civilized scientific community, has become a legend known throughout the world, particularly to specialists in agriculture. He was the author of numerous works on the theory of collective labor, cooperation, the brilliant teacher and educator of youth, the author of popular science work, archaeologist, art historian – in a word, as we speak today, in this man were combined very much the scientific and cultural components. Tracking the fate of graduates of Moscow agrarian institute it can be concluded that indeed a brilliant scientist can be if they were getting a proper good education. Experts who develop Chayanov’s concept, historians of science talk much about his life and tragic death. A.V. Chayanov – the classic agrarian-economic scientist, his theory of the peasant economy and peculiarities of economic behavior of farms at now exist in every textbook on agrarian economy of many universities in the world. And it included even the high important special separate part in the work, which explains the motivation of enterprises in which the owner is also an employee, in General textbooks on Economics. Chayanov’s concepts were involved in the contradiction to that what joined many with the collective behavior and attitude of the community, which was inoculated and dominated in the USSR in relation to politics of Stalin and his followers. All this became part of the personal biography of many of us, but not affected, despite the hard circumstances, on the mentality of A.V. Chayanov and many others. Currently, the work of Chayanov is of paramount importance for modern Russia. The role of science in society is now growing rapidly, and in the new Russian society too, but until yet society is not awaken by the fact that the pace of science development is an indicator of mental and physical health of the nation and the state.
Number of views: 1552 Download in PDF
Hermeneutic Analysis of the Media Text (Example: Soviet Cinema of Stalinism Times about University Students)
Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 25-37.
Number of views: 1587 Download in PDF
3. Roman SalnyZhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 25-37.
Abstract:
The article presents the results of the hermeneutic analysis of the Soviet film of Stalinism times about university students “Law of Life” (1940) as an example. It compares the media text to the cultural and historic tradition and reality of the Stalinist political regime. The research problem was to analyze and characterize the cultural and historical peculiarities, define the role and value of the university topic in the mirror of the Stalinist Soviet cinema in terms of culture studies, film studies, anthropology, gender studies and media education. The author of the article concludes that the Soviet cinematography of Stalinism based on the communist ideology: 1) continued to elaborate the idea of bringing up the younger generation as fighters with Communist Party enemies; this tendency began in the Soviet cinematography in the 1920-1930s, shifted the emphasis on fighting the enemies of the Soviet state from fighting the “outer” enemies onto the “inner” threats and enemies, in particular, moral and ideological enemies of the party, youth and the whole society, unlike the Soviet silent cinema period; 2) functioned as an ideological propaganda tool of the state policy for developing communist views and beliefs among young audiences; 3) paid special attention to moral and ideological development of youth in accordance with the communist moral values without describing the academic and working aspects of university students’ life; 4) kept on using stereotyped role and gender character profiles thus failing to create realistic representation and narrative depth.
The article presents the results of the hermeneutic analysis of the Soviet film of Stalinism times about university students “Law of Life” (1940) as an example. It compares the media text to the cultural and historic tradition and reality of the Stalinist political regime. The research problem was to analyze and characterize the cultural and historical peculiarities, define the role and value of the university topic in the mirror of the Stalinist Soviet cinema in terms of culture studies, film studies, anthropology, gender studies and media education. The author of the article concludes that the Soviet cinematography of Stalinism based on the communist ideology: 1) continued to elaborate the idea of bringing up the younger generation as fighters with Communist Party enemies; this tendency began in the Soviet cinematography in the 1920-1930s, shifted the emphasis on fighting the enemies of the Soviet state from fighting the “outer” enemies onto the “inner” threats and enemies, in particular, moral and ideological enemies of the party, youth and the whole society, unlike the Soviet silent cinema period; 2) functioned as an ideological propaganda tool of the state policy for developing communist views and beliefs among young audiences; 3) paid special attention to moral and ideological development of youth in accordance with the communist moral values without describing the academic and working aspects of university students’ life; 4) kept on using stereotyped role and gender character profiles thus failing to create realistic representation and narrative depth.
Number of views: 1587 Download in PDF
Hermeneutic Analysis of Soviet Feature Films about Students (1986-1991)
Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 38-46.
Number of views: 1559 Download in PDF
4. A.Y. ShahanskayaZhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 38-46.
Abstract:
The article presents a hermeneutic analysis of Soviet feature films on the theme of student of the perestroika period (1986-1991) and analyzes the opinions of researchers of cinema on the characteristics of films about young people. This article describes features of historical periods: the democratization of political and social institutions, the emergence of new cultural patterns of behavior and communication of Soviet youth; ideological and socio-cultural contexts: reduction of ideological propaganda, the appearance of a rupture in the culture of the younger and older generations. The analysis of reality portrayed in feature films, worldview of the characters used by the authors of stereotypical situations. The article concludes that “perestroika” movies about students show some social problems relevant in the period; one of the prominent topics was the relationship between students and parents/teachers. Apparently the main reason for this was the widening gap in cultures of the younger and older generations. Conflict relations "fathers and sons" was one of the story lines in all the pictures on the student subject taken in the perestroika period.
The article presents a hermeneutic analysis of Soviet feature films on the theme of student of the perestroika period (1986-1991) and analyzes the opinions of researchers of cinema on the characteristics of films about young people. This article describes features of historical periods: the democratization of political and social institutions, the emergence of new cultural patterns of behavior and communication of Soviet youth; ideological and socio-cultural contexts: reduction of ideological propaganda, the appearance of a rupture in the culture of the younger and older generations. The analysis of reality portrayed in feature films, worldview of the characters used by the authors of stereotypical situations. The article concludes that “perestroika” movies about students show some social problems relevant in the period; one of the prominent topics was the relationship between students and parents/teachers. Apparently the main reason for this was the widening gap in cultures of the younger and older generations. Conflict relations "fathers and sons" was one of the story lines in all the pictures on the student subject taken in the perestroika period.
Number of views: 1559 Download in PDF
Comparative Analysis of the Evolution of the Image of the Teacher in the Soviet and Russian Posters and Professional Photos
Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 47-61.
Number of views: 1629 Download in PDF
5. Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya, 2017, 4(1): 47-61.
Abstract:
During hermeneutic analysis of Soviet and Russian posters and art photographs, the author came to the conclusion that the image of the teacher was significantly altered under the influence of various factors in different time periods of Russian history. Generally it can be represented as follows: - 1920s-1930s: a teacher is an authoritative source of knowledge, revolutionary, “the wrestler” with ignorance; - 1940s-1950s: a teacher is the heroic personality, the sacrificial way the profession is perceived as a mission, to educate the builders of the bright future, well respected in society and is an authority among students; - 1960s: a teacher more and more difficult to earn credibility, the image of the teaching profession less and less use for propaganda, social status of teacher is reduced, teaching is increasingly perceived as a vocation; - 1970s - 1980s: a society becoming more independent in choosing sources of information about the world, the teacher seems to be a creative person who loves his profession and children, but disadvantaged. - 1990s – present: the image of a teacher in the media texts is very ambiguous, as ambiguous and not uniform ideological, political and moral views of society today. Same different and diverse attitudes of the authors and the audience to the characters of media texts, it can be compassion, gratitude, and awareness of the importance of such professions as a teacher and some concerns about the future.
During hermeneutic analysis of Soviet and Russian posters and art photographs, the author came to the conclusion that the image of the teacher was significantly altered under the influence of various factors in different time periods of Russian history. Generally it can be represented as follows: - 1920s-1930s: a teacher is an authoritative source of knowledge, revolutionary, “the wrestler” with ignorance; - 1940s-1950s: a teacher is the heroic personality, the sacrificial way the profession is perceived as a mission, to educate the builders of the bright future, well respected in society and is an authority among students; - 1960s: a teacher more and more difficult to earn credibility, the image of the teaching profession less and less use for propaganda, social status of teacher is reduced, teaching is increasingly perceived as a vocation; - 1970s - 1980s: a society becoming more independent in choosing sources of information about the world, the teacher seems to be a creative person who loves his profession and children, but disadvantaged. - 1990s – present: the image of a teacher in the media texts is very ambiguous, as ambiguous and not uniform ideological, political and moral views of society today. Same different and diverse attitudes of the authors and the audience to the characters of media texts, it can be compassion, gratitude, and awareness of the importance of such professions as a teacher and some concerns about the future.
Number of views: 1629 Download in PDF